FPiette

As I said, a variable having a type equal to a class use NO MEMORY until it is assigned a value coming from the constructor (A constructor use dynamic memory allocation to create space for the object instance and return the pointer). If you copy another variable value, then you have a second pointer pointing to the same object instance. beware of pointer becoming invalid as soon as the object pointed to is destroyed.

A class declaration doesn't allocate any memory unless there are class variables inside that class. Memory is allocated when - at run time - the constructor is called. A variable having a type equal to a class is actually a pointer to the memory allocated for the class instance by calling the constructor. Class are handled "by reference". By the way, you should by a good book about Delphi programming (the language, not the runtime libraries). Look there to make your choice: https://delphi-books.com/en/

You are in an ICS support forum, not a devexpress one. Please repost your question at the right place. Since devexpress is a commercial product, the best place is probably the support area at devexpress website (https://www.devexpress.com/).

May be this StackOverflow article would help?

Did you try compiling a sample code with that syntax?

There is not that I'm aware of. And I think it is not possible. Defragmenting memory would mean moving memory around and thus invalidate any pointer your application has. Also note that at the lowest level, there is virtual memory that the system use to build the virtual address space your application see. The virtual memory is managed by pages (Usually 4KB each). Those pages are mapped to the user address space to make a continuous block of virtual memory but the pages in physical memory can and are moved by the OS. The pages are even swapped to disk when physical memory comes low. Have a look at this wikipedia article about virtual memory.

I said that for that particular user, it is the same as double click.

What I said is perfectly correct. To open the PDF file, with ShellExecute (The question here), the open verb must be used. Using the nil verb would cause trouble in the 0.01% people having tweaked their system. The point is to open the PDF with ShellExecute, not what happens when anyone double click on a PDF in Windows Explorer. The only important thing - beside opening the PDF - is that when THAT PARTICULAR user, the OP, double click on a PDF it is opens the PDF. That's it. Anything else is out of topic and pointless. You are of course free to think otherwise but don't try to make me think like you do. Don't try to teach the whole operating system when someone has a simple problem, especially to a beginner, you'll just confuse him. At some point in the study, certain points of detail must be taken for granted. Later the student will understand all the details. Later is the most important word here. In any case, we have something in common with Remy: when we have an idea, we defend it fiercely. The other people must have a good laugh, admitting that they are following the conversation. Or it bothers them deeply.

@Remy Lebeau I perfectly know all that. I said the the OP to use the "open" verb to open his PDF with ShellExecute and I told him that would be the same as double clicking on the file with Explorer. I'm sure at 99.999% that THIS PARTICULAR user has the open verb as default for PDF file so I said that the open verb will do the same as the double-click. I never said that it is not possible to tweak the verb associated with PDF file so that open is no more the default and that for an incredibly small amount of peoples double-click on PDF would not open it. This has nothing to do with the question I am answering. You are just confusing the OP with all this pointless discussion and you are not alone. We could have had this discussion if the OP had said that double clicking on the PDF didn't worked for him.

This is true for that particular user as well as 99% percent of user.

That is what the explorer do for that particular user as well as 99% percent of user.

Sure, but the OP ask to open the file, not execute the default action. For PDF files, the default action is to open the file, that's why double clicking a file in Windows Explorer has opened the PDF file for the OP. I just told the OP that using open verb will open the file like Explorer did and which is not the same as the command he was using.

A list is a good solution for that. Either a list of strings, or a list or colors or a list of color index. The best depends on what you need to do with that data after having captured it. Example: var ColorList : TList<TColor>;

@JDS2018You should check return value for error. You said opening the file manually works. Do you mean you entered the exact same command line in the command prompt or you just double clicked on the PDF file to open it? They are different operations... By the way, you can use ShellExecuteEx (Or ShellExecute) with the "open" verb to do the exact same thing as double clicking on the file using Windows Explorer.

Please show a minimal reproducible example so that be better understand what you mean. The situation is not the same on 32 or 64 bits. You need an array of pointers pointing to arrays of the datatype (You didn't say anything about the data type you use/need). At first glance, you should probably use a kind of linked list of arrays of pointers. For performance, you should also think about how the data is accessed so that the processor's memory cache is used efficiently.

Are talking about a 64 bit process or a 32 bit process running on a 64 bit system?

Why don't you ask the user what configuration he is using?

First, look at this https://en.delphipraxis.net/search/?q=websocket&type=forums_topic&nodes=37

Which problem exactly are you trying to solve? Describe the scenario you are faced with. Solution given by @Darian Miller is good. One similar is: protected FClickRunning : Boolean; procedure TUButton.Click; begin if FClickRunning then Exit; try FClickRunning := TRUE; // Do the stuff, call inherited and more finally FClickRunning := FALSE; end; end;

The license is the "keys" that are used to register the product, the media is not a license. Maybe if you contact Embarcadero sales producing the proof of purchase they will give you access to the keys? Only them can help you legally.

Would be nice if you can write a short document explaining step by step what has to be done so that even C++ Builder newbies can install ICS easilly. This document would be added to the readme file.

We always wanted someone giving feedback with C++ builder so that installation goes as smooth as with Delphi. Should not be to difficult because ICS is source code only.

Floating point numbers are a difficult subject. To have a better idea, read this article: http://rvelthuis.de/articles/articles-floats.html Be sure to have a look at the references at the end of the article. FPU Control Word can also be affected by components or libraries and then change the behavior. Look at this documentation http://docwiki.embarcadero.com/RADStudio/Sydney/en/Category:Floating-Point

The IDE and dcc32 are the same compiler so using the same compiler switch should result in the same code. I suspect - as it is often the case - that you extracted the code for a more complex application and there is something interfering that you didn't see. That's why I asked you to create a minimal example reproducing the problem. Now you have the code and you have to test the result with both the IDE et dcc32.

OK, now compile your sample with Delphi IDE and with DCC32 and share the results.