Stefan Glienke

All collections have events for getting notified of addition/removal via the OnChanged event - observable lists are something different. On those if the objects implement INotifyPropertyChanged they communicate to the list that a property has changed so the list then gets caChanged from those items.

Most simple case to repro to compiler error:

procedure X(i: Integer);
begin
end;

procedure Y;
begin
  var f: TFunc<Integer>;
  X(f);
end;

https://bitbucket.org/sglienke/spring4d/src/2.0.1/Source/Base/Collections/Spring.Collections.pas#lines-6391

First of all, you can already achieve what you asked for in two different ways. (As I said, I will look into adding a similar method as .NET 9 did, but it's not as easy due to Delphi's limitations - it most likely will be a static method on TEnumerable and not on IEnumerable because it returns a differently typed IEnumerable, and that causes the Delphi compiler to complain with E2604.)

Apart from the obvious use of a classic for-to loop if you already have an indexable collection such as IList where that new method IMHO would make no sense and just add overhead you can do this:

  var indexedColl := TEnumerable.Zip<Integer,TMyClass>(TEnumerable.Range(0, myColl.Count), myColl);
  for var curItem in indexedColl do
    Writeln('index: ', curItem.Value1, ' - item: ', curItem.Value2.ToString);

If you want more control over index generation you can write this:

  var indexedColl := TEnumerable.Select<TMyClass, Tuple<Integer,TMyClass>>(myColl,
    function(const item: TMyClass; const index: Integer): Tuple<Integer,TMyClass>
    begin
      Result := Tuple<integer,TMyClass>.Create(index, item);
    end);
  for var curItem in indexedColl do
    Writeln('index: ', curItem.Value1, ' - item: ', curItem.Value2.ToString);

If you then want to filter only certain indexes you just call Where on indexedColl:

  var oddIndexes := indexedColl.Where(
    function(const tuple: Tuple<Integer,TMyClass>): Boolean
    begin
      Result := Odd(tuple.Value1);
    end);
  for var curItem in oddIndexes do
    Writeln('index: ', curItem.Value1, ' - item: ', curItem.Value2.ToString);

This would be a duplication of the already existing Where

1 hour ago, Dave Novo said:

It would be cool if the enumerator supported pointer access to the underlying element.

I have something like that in the works already.

5 hours ago, Anders Melander said:

I don't know if the list property getter will create an implicit copy of the record in this case but if it doesn't then the above should work.

It does create a copy (records are value types, what else should it do?) - what you are proposing is dangerous and error-prone.

55 minutes ago, pyscripter said:

Spring4d does provide you with access to the array of values using IArrayAccess, but what you ask is not spring4d specific.

That is not the case anymore in 2.0 - that interface has been removed from lists.

No, but I see that .NET 9 added this. I might consider it.

FWIW if your type is an enum already it makes no sense to use ISet<T> because you can use the enum set. ISet<T> is for types that are no enums, such as string for example.

Passing parameters like that does not work in DUnitX - it silently ignores the string name for the exception class and then passes nil. Calling Assert.WillRaise with nil as exceptionClass succeeds when any exception was raised.

@Vincent Parrett should be able to tell the best way to pass any parameters that cannot be easily converted from string.

Converting source code that won any challenge over 15 years ago is questionable regardless of correctness.

Anyway, for this particular example, implementing a faster System.Move for Windows (other platforms use their libc memory) has been solved since Delphi 11.3.

I sincerely challenge everyone to come up with a faster/better implementation.

It is pretty simple - imagine if the code below would work that way:

procedure ReplacePet(var pet: TPet);
begin
  pet.Free;
  pet := TCat.Create;
end;

procedure Main;
var
  dog: TDog;
begin
  ReplacePet(dog);
  dog.Bark; // meow?!
end;

FreeAndNil is special because it just destroys and assigns nil. But a var parameter does not give that guarantee.

1 hour ago, dummzeuch said:

while referencing nil definitely does.

Which - fun fact - does not happen on the method call (unless it's a virtual method) but when accessing any member inside of it. You could still have some method which does not access any member and it will not AV at all.

We can argue all day about this - any runtime behavior one might slap onto it will not save the language from being inherently unsafe. It needs to be built into the language/compiler itself (Hi, Rust)

2 hours ago, A.M. Hoornweg said:

I for one would find it an advantage if stuff like local pointer variables would default to NIL, it would make the language just a little bit more memory safe. 

The main issue with memory safety in Delphi is not non-initialized local variables, which the compiler warns about, but use-after-free.

First, it's wrong to assume that all local variables reside on the stack, depending on optimization they might be in registers. Second, rep stosd is terribly slow for small sizes (see https://stackoverflow.com/a/33485055/587106 and also the discussions on this issue https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/issues/10744)

Also, the Delphi compiler arranges managed local variables into one block that it zeroes (in many different and mostly terribly inefficient ways).

Why should the CPU waste time zeroing stuff that will be set shortly after anyway? Compilers are there to warn/error when any code path leads to a situation where a variable is not initialized.

type
  TCustomItem = class;
  TCustomContainer = class abstract
  protected
    procedure HandleItemNotification(AItem: TCustomItem); virtual; abstract;
  end;

  TCustomItem = class
  protected
    FContainer: TCustomContainer;
  end;

  TCustomContainer<T: TCustomItem> = class abstract(TCustomContainer)
  protected
    FItems: TArray<T>;
    procedure HandleItemNotification(AItem: TCustomItem); overload; override; final;
    procedure HandleItemNotification(AItem: T); reintroduce; overload;
  end;

  TFooItem = class(TCustomItem)
    procedure SomeMethod;
  end;
  TFooContainer = class(TCustomContainer<TFooItem>);


procedure TCustomContainer<T>.HandleItemNotification(AItem: T);
begin
  // ...
end;

procedure TCustomContainer<T>.HandleItemNotification(AItem: TCustomItem);
begin
  HandleItemNotification(T(AItem));
end;

procedure TFooItem.SomeMethod;
begin
  FContainer.HandleItemNotification(Self);
end;

var
  foo: TFooItem;
begin
  foo := TFooItem.Create;
  foo.FContainer := TFooContainer.Create;
  foo.SomeMethod;
end.

I suggest moving as much code into the non generic base classes as possible. Given the constraint on TCustomItem this should even be reasonably easy to achieve. This will prevent causing larger than necessary binary sizes and longer than necessary compiletimes.

8 hours ago, Lars Fosdal said:

Is it unthinkable that the codegen would be scheduled for improvements when adding support for Windows for ARM?

Yes, pretty much - we all know they first ship a half-baked feature to generate marketing hype and then spend the next decade tinkering around the edges to make it work while representatives are telling us "eh, its complicated"

It looks like whoever implemented that in the Delphi compiler was overly obsessed with codesize.

If you compare what both gcc and clang do you can see that they rather produce a ton of mov instructions (which execute nicely in parallel on modern processors) before using memmov or rep: https://godbolt.org/z/Gjsqn7qas (change the size of the static array to see the assembly code change)

That benchmark proves almost (*) nothing, the only point where it allocates is during the form creation where it builds the card deck and later when it prints the output into the TListBox.

(*) the only thing affected here is the possible layout of the card objects in the heap as they are all read during the hand-processing code. The difference that you can observe here between Delphi buids using different memory managers is most likely caused by the amount of overhead the respective memory manager is using thus fitting more card objects within the same memory pages, thus more of them (most likely all on modern processors) fitting into L1 cache.

As for this particular code - removing the name of the Cards from the object and only building it when it is needed for some UI would probably speed up code more than anything else because you get rid of 20 Byte for every object (Name is a string[19]) - on my CPU this makes the code go down from ~900ms to ~680ms - simply because it does not need to copy the strings in CopyCardFromDeck.

Circumventing the getter and setter of TList (which contribute around 25% of the remaining time) brings it down to 460ms.

And after that we are not done with string stuff - in every loop iteration, it calls Hand.SetHighValues which produces a name for the cards on the hand - removing that gets me down to ~400.

Now because I have a run and SamplingProfiler open already I see that now one of the scorers is TcaaPokerHand.CopyCardFromDeck - the Items getter is not inlined which causes it to be called 10 times for the same 2 card objects. Changing that gets me down to 270ms.

But how about avoiding repeated access to the same object in the 2 lists altogether? 230ms

I could go on because I see a lot more room to optimize - but I think I made my point. Instead of fiddling with the memory manager one should first look if heap allocations are even the issue. And then identify unnecessary work and eliminate that.

... change TcaaEvaluationCard to be 8 Byte size - (that avoids that the compiler creates a movsd/movsb instruction but simply does an 8 byte mov) -> 160ms

1 hour ago, Anders Melander said:

overhead of the dictionary lookup completely killed the performance.

If you were using the RTL dictionary with its abysmal performance, that does not surprise me at all.

Mostly because of its poor hash function, replacing that with a better one speeds it up significantly. However, string interning does not require a dictionary with key/value but just a hashtable for strings.

DelphiAST has the option to use one for its parsing - we needed that when using it in the context of the IDE to avoid spikes in memory consumption.

1 hour ago, Cristian Peța said:

Compiler error

var
  foo: Integer = 10; //E2195 Cannot initialize local variables
begin
  foo := 20;

This compiles

{$WRITEABLECONST ON}
const
  foo: Integer = 10;
begin
  foo := 20;

 

Clever way of introducing thread-unsafety 😉

Did you precompile Spring or are you compiling directly from the sources? If you precompile (recommended) then you need to precompile with release settings of course. If I had to bet I would say you still have range checking enabled (RTL has that disabled, so does your code)

Also tbh I don't care about a 30% improvement of a handwritten algo specifically for one type over the generic one. Yes, compiler could do a better job with more aggressively inlining and stuff but nowadays I am happy already if it generates working code.

23 minutes ago, Anders Melander said:

Wouldn't it make sense to do a CLFLUSH  before the sort so it doesn't benefit from all the data already being in the cache?

 

procedure FlushCache(Data: Pointer; Size: Integer);
const
  CACHE_LINE_SIZE = 64;
asm
@NextBlock:
  CLFLUSH  [Data + Size]
  SUB      Size,CACHE_LINE_SIZE
  JGE      @NextBlock
end;

 

Apart from the code not compiling I would say it depends on what you want to benchmark - how sort performs on completely cold data? Like some data that you loaded an hour ago, then did completely different things so it does not reside in the cache anymore and now you want to have the fastest sorting possible. Then yes, otherwise I would say that usually you typically are sorting data that is already in cache because you previously filled the array or list with it, or processed it followed by the sort operation.

Some additional read on that "clear the LLC for some benchmark" topic: https://stackoverflow.com/a/49077734/587106

Here is something else to tease you all a bit - PDQSort is using comparer, PDQSort2 does not - others as before QuickSort2 is using the Spring Comparer - test type is Double:

Looks like I am getting twice the speed at worst and 50 times at best. For faster to compare types such as Integer the gain goes up to almost 100 times.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benchmark                                            Time             CPU   Iterations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
random/QuickSort/count:100                        2917 ns         2886 ns          100
random/QuickSort2/count:100                       2301 ns         2284 ns          100
random/IntroSort/count:100                        1582 ns         1566 ns          100
random/PDQSort/count:100                          1519 ns         1504 ns          100
random/PDQSort2/count:100                          759 ns          746 ns          100
random/QuickSort/count:1000                      48127 ns        47750 ns          100
random/QuickSort2/count:1000                     26820 ns        26615 ns          100
random/IntroSort/count:1000                      16349 ns        16157 ns          100
random/PDQSort/count:1000                        24101 ns        23928 ns          100
random/PDQSort2/count:1000                        6485 ns         6442 ns          100
random/QuickSort/count:10000                    686240 ns       685846 ns          100
random/QuickSort2/count:10000                   621977 ns       618258 ns          100
random/IntroSort/count:10000                    426604 ns       426023 ns          100
random/PDQSort/count:10000                      445646 ns       443871 ns          100
random/PDQSort2/count:10000                     338404 ns       336588 ns          100
random/QuickSort/count:100000                  8252128 ns      8220957 ns          100
random/QuickSort2/count:100000                 7492506 ns      7371508 ns          100
random/IntroSort/count:100000                  5723208 ns      5578393 ns          100
random/PDQSort/count:100000                    5675312 ns      5650503 ns          100
random/PDQSort2/count:100000                   4504745 ns      4482480 ns          100
random/QuickSort/count:1000000                98163494 ns     97011011 ns          100
random/QuickSort2/count:1000000               88461390 ns     87306397 ns          100
random/IntroSort/count:1000000                67687293 ns     66648855 ns          100
random/PDQSort/count:1000000                  69019337 ns     68147235 ns          100
random/PDQSort2/count:1000000                 55628991 ns     54791149 ns          100
few_unique/QuickSort/count:100                    2356 ns         2314 ns          100
few_unique/QuickSort2/count:100                   1540 ns         1500 ns          100
few_unique/IntroSort/count:100                    1291 ns         1275 ns          100
few_unique/PDQSort/count:100                      1559 ns         1483 ns          100
few_unique/PDQSort2/count:100                      689 ns          674 ns          100
few_unique/QuickSort/count:1000                  29073 ns        29009 ns          100
few_unique/QuickSort2/count:1000                 16086 ns        16026 ns          100
few_unique/IntroSort/count:1000                  11084 ns        11031 ns          100
few_unique/PDQSort/count:1000                     8022 ns         7984 ns          100
few_unique/PDQSort2/count:1000                    4015 ns         3983 ns          100
few_unique/QuickSort/count:10000                424766 ns       424046 ns          100
few_unique/QuickSort2/count:10000               292291 ns       288395 ns          100
few_unique/IntroSort/count:10000                224547 ns       222666 ns          100
few_unique/PDQSort/count:10000                  145437 ns       144788 ns          100
few_unique/PDQSort2/count:10000                 102878 ns       102414 ns          100
few_unique/QuickSort/count:100000              4654357 ns      4640420 ns          100
few_unique/QuickSort2/count:100000             3436405 ns      3421938 ns          100
few_unique/IntroSort/count:100000              2649901 ns      2639618 ns          100
few_unique/PDQSort/count:100000                1487662 ns      1479095 ns          100
few_unique/PDQSort2/count:100000               1172432 ns      1167015 ns          100
few_unique/QuickSort/count:1000000            51130249 ns     50537573 ns          100
few_unique/QuickSort2/count:1000000           38627555 ns     38033922 ns          100
few_unique/IntroSort/count:1000000            30907231 ns     30808893 ns          100
few_unique/PDQSort/count:1000000              14733627 ns     14572366 ns          100
few_unique/PDQSort2/count:1000000             12287426 ns     12233176 ns          100
two_values/QuickSort/count:100                    2115 ns         2099 ns          100
two_values/QuickSort2/count:100                   1601 ns         1558 ns          100
two_values/IntroSort/count:100                    1058 ns         1037 ns          100
two_values/PDQSort/count:100                       714 ns          699 ns          100
two_values/PDQSort2/count:100                      395 ns          377 ns          100
two_values/QuickSort/count:1000                  18838 ns        18787 ns          100
two_values/QuickSort2/count:1000                 15509 ns        15468 ns          100
two_values/IntroSort/count:1000                  10009 ns         9971 ns          100
two_values/PDQSort/count:1000                     3434 ns         3397 ns          100
two_values/PDQSort2/count:1000                    1715 ns         1673 ns          100
two_values/QuickSort/count:10000                310630 ns       306744 ns          100
two_values/QuickSort2/count:10000               221981 ns       214977 ns          100
two_values/IntroSort/count:10000                148667 ns       148595 ns          100
two_values/PDQSort/count:10000                   42702 ns        42577 ns          100
two_values/PDQSort2/count:10000                  24225 ns        24032 ns          100
two_values/QuickSort/count:100000              3353827 ns      3342019 ns          100
two_values/QuickSort2/count:100000             2487005 ns      2476672 ns          100
two_values/IntroSort/count:100000              1870906 ns      1863767 ns          100
two_values/PDQSort/count:100000                 541802 ns       540355 ns          100
two_values/PDQSort2/count:100000                378254 ns       378023 ns          100
two_values/QuickSort/count:1000000            40114855 ns     39440910 ns          100
two_values/QuickSort2/count:1000000           29158407 ns     28744654 ns          100
two_values/IntroSort/count:1000000            23100678 ns     22744457 ns          100
two_values/PDQSort/count:1000000               5633201 ns      5601282 ns          100
two_values/PDQSort2/count:1000000              3762100 ns      3740864 ns          100
all_equal/QuickSort/count:100                     2151 ns         2136 ns          100
all_equal/QuickSort2/count:100                    1647 ns         1618 ns          100
all_equal/IntroSort/count:100                     1058 ns         1040 ns          100
all_equal/PDQSort/count:100                        570 ns          526 ns          100
all_equal/PDQSort2/count:100                       326 ns          310 ns          100
all_equal/QuickSort/count:1000                   17604 ns        17531 ns          100
all_equal/QuickSort2/count:1000                  12558 ns        12503 ns          100
all_equal/IntroSort/count:1000                    8658 ns         8607 ns          100
all_equal/PDQSort/count:1000                      2501 ns         2517 ns          100
all_equal/PDQSort2/count:1000                     1211 ns         1200 ns          100
all_equal/QuickSort/count:10000                 229287 ns       228053 ns          100
all_equal/QuickSort2/count:10000                168158 ns       167545 ns          100
all_equal/IntroSort/count:10000                 123868 ns       122653 ns          100
all_equal/PDQSort/count:10000                    17648 ns        17566 ns          100
all_equal/PDQSort2/count:10000                    6898 ns         6844 ns          100
all_equal/QuickSort/count:100000               3089106 ns      2839190 ns          100
all_equal/QuickSort2/count:100000              1991645 ns      1983108 ns          100
all_equal/IntroSort/count:100000               1517401 ns      1509352 ns          100
all_equal/PDQSort/count:100000                  168092 ns       167526 ns          100
all_equal/PDQSort2/count:100000                  64056 ns        63376 ns          100
all_equal/QuickSort/count:1000000             31780316 ns     31401768 ns          100
all_equal/QuickSort2/count:1000000            23670745 ns     23308078 ns          100
all_equal/IntroSort/count:1000000             18492352 ns     18165700 ns          100
all_equal/PDQSort/count:1000000                1693063 ns      1685270 ns          100
all_equal/PDQSort2/count:1000000                667052 ns       665049 ns          100
ascending/QuickSort/count:100                     1645 ns         1629 ns          100
ascending/QuickSort2/count:100                    1249 ns         1233 ns          100
ascending/IntroSort/count:100                      993 ns          956 ns          100
ascending/PDQSort/count:100                        524 ns          510 ns          100
ascending/PDQSort2/count:100                       290 ns          276 ns          100
ascending/QuickSort/count:1000                   15279 ns        15237 ns          100
ascending/QuickSort2/count:1000                  11455 ns        11389 ns          100
ascending/IntroSort/count:1000                    7931 ns         7802 ns          100
ascending/PDQSort/count:1000                      2618 ns         2572 ns          100
ascending/PDQSort2/count:1000                     1199 ns         1169 ns          100
ascending/QuickSort/count:10000                 186722 ns       185998 ns          100
ascending/QuickSort2/count:10000                134269 ns       134014 ns          100
ascending/IntroSort/count:10000                 106604 ns       106492 ns          100
ascending/PDQSort/count:10000                    19298 ns        19236 ns          100
ascending/PDQSort2/count:10000                    6002 ns         5953 ns          100
ascending/QuickSort/count:100000               2229729 ns      2219903 ns          100
ascending/QuickSort2/count:100000              1655304 ns      1647404 ns          100
ascending/IntroSort/count:100000               1298027 ns      1291995 ns          100
ascending/PDQSort/count:100000                  190239 ns       189988 ns          100
ascending/PDQSort2/count:100000                  53607 ns        53501 ns          100
ascending/QuickSort/count:1000000             27509633 ns     27165759 ns          100
ascending/QuickSort2/count:1000000            19985236 ns     19668315 ns          100
ascending/IntroSort/count:1000000             15326770 ns     15254001 ns          100
ascending/PDQSort/count:1000000                1901178 ns      1890171 ns          100
ascending/PDQSort2/count:1000000                629675 ns       628905 ns          100
slightly_scrambled/QuickSort/count:100            1750 ns         1732 ns          100
slightly_scrambled/QuickSort2/count:100           1373 ns         1343 ns          100
slightly_scrambled/IntroSort/count:100             985 ns          968 ns          100
slightly_scrambled/PDQSort/count:100              1012 ns          997 ns          100
slightly_scrambled/PDQSort2/count:100              471 ns          454 ns          100
slightly_scrambled/QuickSort/count:1000          16791 ns        16735 ns          100
slightly_scrambled/QuickSort2/count:1000         12824 ns        12776 ns          100
slightly_scrambled/IntroSort/count:1000          10458 ns        10399 ns          100
slightly_scrambled/PDQSort/count:1000            16268 ns        15887 ns          100
slightly_scrambled/PDQSort2/count:1000            4547 ns         4494 ns          100
slightly_scrambled/QuickSort/count:10000        235073 ns       233521 ns          100
slightly_scrambled/QuickSort2/count:10000       200321 ns       199399 ns          100
slightly_scrambled/IntroSort/count:10000        151789 ns       151249 ns          100
slightly_scrambled/PDQSort/count:10000          174541 ns       173592 ns          100
slightly_scrambled/PDQSort2/count:10000          89454 ns        89257 ns          100
slightly_scrambled/QuickSort/count:100000      2972211 ns      2964870 ns          100
slightly_scrambled/QuickSort2/count:100000     2376263 ns      2366504 ns          100
slightly_scrambled/IntroSort/count:100000      2305909 ns      2052472 ns          100
slightly_scrambled/PDQSort/count:100000        2093171 ns      2083240 ns          100
slightly_scrambled/PDQSort2/count:100000        982124 ns       978410 ns          100
slightly_scrambled/QuickSort/count:1000000    35292840 ns     34939068 ns          100
slightly_scrambled/QuickSort2/count:1000000   29451877 ns     28875217 ns          100
slightly_scrambled/IntroSort/count:1000000    25058823 ns     24750291 ns          100
slightly_scrambled/PDQSort/count:1000000      25962367 ns     25535252 ns          100
slightly_scrambled/PDQSort2/count:1000000     12483234 ns     12181630 ns          100
sorted_blocks/QuickSort/count:100                 2430 ns         2405 ns          100
sorted_blocks/QuickSort2/count:100                2499 ns         2478 ns          100
sorted_blocks/IntroSort/count:100                 1061 ns         1019 ns          100
sorted_blocks/PDQSort/count:100                   1329 ns         1285 ns          100
sorted_blocks/PDQSort2/count:100                   720 ns          652 ns          100
sorted_blocks/QuickSort/count:1000               16224 ns        16169 ns          100
sorted_blocks/QuickSort2/count:1000              19509 ns        19454 ns          100
sorted_blocks/IntroSort/count:1000               14560 ns        14515 ns          100
sorted_blocks/PDQSort/count:1000                  9479 ns         9313 ns          100
sorted_blocks/PDQSort2/count:1000                 4913 ns         4885 ns          100
sorted_blocks/QuickSort/count:10000             308032 ns       306791 ns          100
sorted_blocks/QuickSort2/count:10000            238446 ns       238183 ns          100
sorted_blocks/IntroSort/count:10000             173146 ns       172243 ns          100
sorted_blocks/PDQSort/count:10000               168365 ns       166934 ns          100
sorted_blocks/PDQSort2/count:10000               65434 ns        65356 ns          100
sorted_blocks/QuickSort/count:100000           4041913 ns      4028550 ns          100
sorted_blocks/QuickSort2/count:100000          3239075 ns      3226690 ns          100
sorted_blocks/IntroSort/count:100000           2578785 ns      2434971 ns          100
sorted_blocks/PDQSort/count:100000             2386599 ns      2375001 ns          100
sorted_blocks/PDQSort2/count:100000             966824 ns       959131 ns          100
sorted_blocks/QuickSort/count:1000000         51596313 ns     50949966 ns          100
sorted_blocks/QuickSort2/count:1000000        39977951 ns     39455223 ns          100
sorted_blocks/IntroSort/count:1000000         29587960 ns     29072445 ns          100
sorted_blocks/PDQSort/count:1000000           29140836 ns     28926711 ns          100
sorted_blocks/PDQSort2/count:1000000          13950878 ns     13703237 ns          100
single_big_swap/QuickSort/count:100               1290 ns         1277 ns          100
single_big_swap/QuickSort2/count:100              1004 ns         1000 ns          100
single_big_swap/IntroSort/count:100               1087 ns         1069 ns          100
single_big_swap/PDQSort/count:100                  633 ns          620 ns          100
single_big_swap/PDQSort2/count:100                 474 ns          456 ns          100
single_big_swap/QuickSort/count:1000             16889 ns        16794 ns          100
single_big_swap/QuickSort2/count:1000            12697 ns        12655 ns          100
single_big_swap/IntroSort/count:1000             14016 ns        13967 ns          100
single_big_swap/PDQSort/count:1000                7008 ns         6939 ns          100
single_big_swap/PDQSort2/count:1000               2342 ns         2339 ns          100
single_big_swap/QuickSort/count:10000           204246 ns       204182 ns          100
single_big_swap/QuickSort2/count:10000          156179 ns       155306 ns          100
single_big_swap/IntroSort/count:10000           192030 ns       190639 ns          100
single_big_swap/PDQSort/count:10000              78781 ns        78285 ns          100
single_big_swap/PDQSort2/count:10000             23238 ns        23145 ns          100
single_big_swap/QuickSort/count:100000         2414905 ns      2395809 ns          100
single_big_swap/QuickSort2/count:100000        1787565 ns      1778945 ns          100
single_big_swap/IntroSort/count:100000         2523279 ns      2517094 ns          100
single_big_swap/PDQSort/count:100000            889865 ns       884869 ns          100
single_big_swap/PDQSort2/count:100000           249087 ns       246596 ns          100
single_big_swap/QuickSort/count:1000000       29262380 ns     28791769 ns          100
single_big_swap/QuickSort2/count:1000000      21306314 ns     20978264 ns          100
single_big_swap/IntroSort/count:1000000       30104774 ns     29736630 ns          100
single_big_swap/PDQSort/count:1000000         10839585 ns     10689165 ns          100
single_big_swap/PDQSort2/count:1000000         3153072 ns      3134668 ns          100
descending/QuickSort/count:100                    1633 ns         1619 ns          100
descending/QuickSort2/count:100                   1324 ns         1245 ns          100
descending/IntroSort/count:100                     915 ns          904 ns          100
descending/PDQSort/count:100                       534 ns          518 ns          100
descending/PDQSort2/count:100                      305 ns          290 ns          100
descending/QuickSort/count:1000                  15212 ns        15109 ns          100
descending/QuickSort2/count:1000                 12131 ns        12071 ns          100
descending/IntroSort/count:1000                   8520 ns         8483 ns          100
descending/PDQSort/count:1000                     2677 ns         2616 ns          100
descending/PDQSort2/count:1000                    1168 ns         1167 ns          100
descending/QuickSort/count:10000                190983 ns       190004 ns          100
descending/QuickSort2/count:10000               142282 ns       141461 ns          100
descending/IntroSort/count:10000                106956 ns       106801 ns          100
descending/PDQSort/count:10000                   22199 ns        22098 ns          100
descending/PDQSort2/count:10000                   7163 ns         6853 ns          100
descending/QuickSort/count:100000              2210157 ns      2201096 ns          100
descending/QuickSort2/count:100000             1639887 ns      1632072 ns          100
descending/IntroSort/count:100000              1308584 ns      1301543 ns          100
descending/PDQSort/count:100000                 186613 ns       185900 ns          100
descending/PDQSort2/count:100000                 56812 ns        56648 ns          100
descending/QuickSort/count:1000000            27759185 ns     27197419 ns          100
descending/QuickSort2/count:1000000           19937923 ns     19733711 ns          100
descending/IntroSort/count:1000000            15222011 ns     15155862 ns          100
descending/PDQSort/count:1000000               2159517 ns      1899555 ns          100
descending/PDQSort2/count:1000000               560522 ns       557461 ns          100
pipe_organ/QuickSort/count:100                    1853 ns         1835 ns          100
pipe_organ/QuickSort2/count:100                   1439 ns         1416 ns          100
pipe_organ/IntroSort/count:100                    1029 ns          950 ns          100
pipe_organ/PDQSort/count:100                       528 ns          517 ns          100
pipe_organ/PDQSort2/count:100                      296 ns          282 ns          100
pipe_organ/QuickSort/count:1000                  15940 ns        15886 ns          100
pipe_organ/QuickSort2/count:1000                 11960 ns        11911 ns          100
pipe_organ/IntroSort/count:1000                   8271 ns         8225 ns          100
pipe_organ/PDQSort/count:1000                     2622 ns         2591 ns          100
pipe_organ/PDQSort2/count:1000                    1192 ns         1172 ns          100
pipe_organ/QuickSort/count:10000                193559 ns       193175 ns          100
pipe_organ/QuickSort2/count:10000               150531 ns       149370 ns          100
pipe_organ/IntroSort/count:10000                115439 ns       115205 ns          100
pipe_organ/PDQSort/count:10000                   19195 ns        19176 ns          100
pipe_organ/PDQSort2/count:10000                   6117 ns         6021 ns          100
pipe_organ/QuickSort/count:100000              2486991 ns      2478769 ns          100
pipe_organ/QuickSort2/count:100000             1819950 ns      1810639 ns          100
pipe_organ/IntroSort/count:100000              1388682 ns      1383509 ns          100
pipe_organ/PDQSort/count:100000                 190331 ns       188891 ns          100
pipe_organ/PDQSort2/count:100000                 52793 ns        52639 ns          100
pipe_organ/QuickSort/count:1000000            29577606 ns     29326755 ns          100
pipe_organ/QuickSort2/count:1000000           21748586 ns     21414611 ns          100
pipe_organ/IntroSort/count:1000000            16696194 ns     16630029 ns          100
pipe_organ/PDQSort/count:1000000               1869925 ns      1864242 ns          100
pipe_organ/PDQSort2/count:1000000               549429 ns       545797 ns          100
push_front/QuickSort/count:100                    2289 ns         2269 ns          100
push_front/QuickSort2/count:100                   1478 ns         1491 ns          100
push_front/IntroSort/count:100                    1605 ns         1561 ns          100
push_front/PDQSort/count:100                      1282 ns         1240 ns          100
push_front/PDQSort2/count:100                      543 ns          523 ns          100
push_front/QuickSort/count:1000                  18117 ns        18055 ns          100
push_front/QuickSort2/count:1000                 15428 ns        15155 ns          100
push_front/IntroSort/count:1000                  14087 ns        13988 ns          100
push_front/PDQSort/count:1000                    12455 ns        12404 ns          100
push_front/PDQSort2/count:1000                    4450 ns         4413 ns          100
push_front/QuickSort/count:10000                229186 ns       227644 ns          100
push_front/QuickSort2/count:10000               160690 ns       160380 ns          100
push_front/IntroSort/count:10000                191233 ns       190610 ns          100
push_front/PDQSort/count:10000                  145472 ns       144255 ns          100
push_front/PDQSort2/count:10000                  41785 ns        41612 ns          100
push_front/QuickSort/count:100000              2922293 ns      2702687 ns          100
push_front/QuickSort2/count:100000             1923425 ns      1917358 ns          100
push_front/IntroSort/count:100000              2488440 ns      2478518 ns          100
push_front/PDQSort/count:100000                1688943 ns      1681909 ns          100
push_front/PDQSort2/count:100000                466741 ns       465112 ns          100
push_front/QuickSort/count:1000000            31411786 ns     31044262 ns          100
push_front/QuickSort2/count:1000000           22438347 ns     22338651 ns          100
push_front/IntroSort/count:1000000            30187199 ns     29784770 ns          100
push_front/PDQSort/count:1000000              19681892 ns     19340073 ns          100
push_front/PDQSort2/count:1000000              5359031 ns      5330950 ns          100
push_middle/QuickSort/count:100                   1986 ns         1972 ns          100
push_middle/QuickSort2/count:100                  1523 ns         1475 ns          100
push_middle/IntroSort/count:100                   1198 ns         1155 ns          100
push_middle/PDQSort/count:100                      982 ns          965 ns          100
push_middle/PDQSort2/count:100                     437 ns          419 ns          100
push_middle/QuickSort/count:1000                 16948 ns        16891 ns          100
push_middle/QuickSort2/count:1000                12581 ns        12432 ns          100
push_middle/IntroSort/count:1000                 10488 ns        10440 ns          100
push_middle/PDQSort/count:1000                    4969 ns         4929 ns          100
push_middle/PDQSort2/count:1000                   2006 ns         1953 ns          100
push_middle/QuickSort/count:10000               206586 ns       206205 ns          100
push_middle/QuickSort2/count:10000              147860 ns       147583 ns          100
push_middle/IntroSort/count:10000               143688 ns       143232 ns          100
push_middle/PDQSort/count:10000                  44343 ns        44226 ns          100
push_middle/PDQSort2/count:10000                 14500 ns        14441 ns          100
push_middle/QuickSort/count:100000             2641267 ns      2493017 ns          100
push_middle/QuickSort2/count:100000            1782662 ns      1775961 ns          100
push_middle/IntroSort/count:100000             1867750 ns      1861113 ns          100
push_middle/PDQSort/count:100000                426423 ns       423756 ns          100
push_middle/PDQSort2/count:100000               121412 ns       120541 ns          100
push_middle/QuickSort/count:1000000           29463664 ns     29094682 ns          100
push_middle/QuickSort2/count:1000000          21699498 ns     21338872 ns          100
push_middle/IntroSort/count:1000000           22344304 ns     21994267 ns          100
push_middle/PDQSort/count:1000000              4514580 ns      4247772 ns          100
push_middle/PDQSort2/count:1000000             1244558 ns      1236921 ns          100

Benchmark code:

{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}

uses
  System.Diagnostics,
  System.Generics.Collections,
  System.SysUtils,
  Spring;

procedure Test(count: NativeInt);
var
  SSortArray, PSortArray: TArray<double>;
  I: Integer;
  T: TStopwatch;
begin
  try
    SetLength(SSortArray, count);
    SetLength(PSortArray, count);
    Writeln('Fill array (double), elements count: ', count);
    for I := Low(SSortArray) to High(SSortArray) do
      begin
        SSortArray[I] := Random(MaxInt);
        PSortArray[I] := SSortArray[I];
      end;
    Writeln('Start sorting ...');

    T := TStopwatch.StartNew;
    System.Generics.Collections.TArray.Sort<double>(SSortArray);
    T.Stop;
    Writeln('RTL TArray.Sort (ms.): ', T.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString);

    T := TStopwatch.StartNew;
    Spring.TArray.Sort<double>(PSortArray);
    T.Stop;
    Writeln('Spring TArray.Sort (ms.): ', T.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString);
  except
    on E: Exception do
      Writeln(E.ClassName, ': ', E.Message);
  end;
  Writeln;
end;
begin
  Test(500_000);
  Test(5_000_000);
  Test(100_000_000);
  Readln;
end.

Results (win64 release) on i7-12700:

Fill array (double), elements count: 500000
Start sorting ...
RTL TArray.Sort (ms.): 49
Spring TArray.Sort (ms.): 33

Fill array (double), elements count: 5000000
Start sorting ...
RTL TArray.Sort (ms.): 560
Spring TArray.Sort (ms.): 393

Fill array (double), elements count: 100000000
Start sorting ...
RTL TArray.Sort (ms.): 13053
Spring TArray.Sort (ms.): 9351

1 hour ago, DelphiUdIT said:

the times with parallel processing are definitely interesting.

To me they are not - if you have some backend server code that is already doing multiple things in parallel it won't get any better if you then do parallel sort.